EFFICIENCY OF USE OF FEED CONCENTRATE “ZHYVYNA” IN BROILER CHICKEN GROWING

UDC 636.5:084.524

S.M. Blusyuk, PhD, associate professor, PJSC “Zernoprodukt MHP” Ladyzhyn, Ukraine, E – mail : blusuk @ mail . ru

V. I. Buchkovska, Candidate of Science in Science , Associate Professor , Department of Feeding, Animal Breeding and Feed Technology, Faculty of Livestock Production and Processing Technology, Kamianets-Podilskyi State Agrarian and Technical University, Ukraine, E – mail : butschk @ mail . ru

Yu.M. Yevstafieva, Candidate of Science in Science , Associate Professor , Department of Feeding, Animal Breeding and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Production and Processing Technology, Kamianets-Podilskyi State Agrarian and Technical University, Ukraine, E-mail: pp.nika@mail.ru

V. I. Harkavlyuk, PhD, associate professor , PJSC “Zernoprodukt MHP” Ladyzhyn, Ukraine, E-mail: harkavlyuk@mail.r

EFFICIENCY OF USE OF FEED CONCENTRATE “FEED” IN BROILER CHICKEN GROWING

A systematic approach with a clear understanding of the structure of the industry as a system, the links of which interact with each other in a coordinated manner, is necessary to solve the urgent issues of reforming the poultry industry. The article presents the results of a study on the effectiveness of the use of feed concentrate “Zhyvyna” in growing broiler chickens of the Ross-308 cross. According to the methodology, 40 day-old chickens were selected for the experiment, from which two groups of 20 heads (10 roosters and 10 hens) were formed according to the principle of analogues. The duration of the experiment was 42 days. During the period of growing broiler chickens, the difference in feeding the birds of the control and experimental groups was the replacement of 12% of sunflower cake with feed concentrate “Zhyvyna”.

For feeding broiler chickens during the entire period of their growth, we recommend using feed concentrate “ZHYVYNA” as part of the compound feed, replacing it with 12% of sunflower cake..

Introduction. Poultry farming is a branch of agricultural production, the main task of which is breeding, growing, maintaining, feeding poultry, using mechanization, automation, conducting veterinary prevention in order to obtain poultry products.

Ключові слова: продуктивність, годівля, курчата-бройлери.

Introduction. Poultry farming is a branch of agricultural production, the main task of which is breeding, growing, maintaining, feeding poultry, using mechanization, automation, conducting veterinary prevention in order to obtain poultry products..

World practice proves that countries in which innovative achievements are widely used are at the forefront of development. Each national innovation system carries a certain historical heritage of the nation, but the innovation systems of each country cannot exist without integrative relationships with world systems, as well as with individual countries. Production of broilers is widespread in many countries of the world. Investments in broiler production pay off 3-4 times faster than in pork production and 8-9 times faster than in beef production.

A systematic approach with a clear understanding of the structure of the industry as a system, the links of which interact with each other in a coordinated manner, is necessary to solve the urgent issues of reforming the poultry industry. The main factor that restrains the development of poultry farming is a lack of feed, a weak feed base, a low level of use of premixes, protein-vitamin supplements, vitamins, amino acids, and especially protein and energy. At the current stage, feed and rations for poultry are evaluated not only by the complex of nutrients and biologically active substances, but also by the exchangeable energy contained in a unit of feed mass.

Analysis of recent research and publications. A systematic approach with a clear understanding of the structure of the industry as a system, the links of which interact with each other in a coordinated manner, is necessary to solve the urgent issues of reforming the poultry industry. The main factor that restrains the development of poultry farming is a lack of feed, a weak feed base, a low level of use of premixes, protein-vitamin supplements, vitamins, amino acids, and especially protein and energy [1]. At the current stage, feed and rations for poultry are evaluated not only by the complex of nutrients and biologically active substances, but also by the exchangeable energy contained in a unit of feed mass .

Goal. The purpose of the actual publication is to make public the results of a study on determining the effectiveness of the use of feed concentrate “Zhyvyna” in compound feed for broiler chickens.

Methodology . To determine the effectiveness of using feed concentrate in compound feed for broiler chickens, we conducted research in the conditions of the Center for Practical Training of Students of the Biotechnology Faculty of Podilsk State Agrarian and Technical University. Broiler chickens of the Ross-308 cross served as material for the scientific and economic experiment. The experiment was conducted according to the method of groups [3].

According to the scheme of the experiment, 40 heads of day-old chickens were selected, from which two groups of 20 heads (10 roosters and 10 hens) were formed according to the principle of analogues. Analogues were selected based on age and body weight. The duration of the experiment was 42 days. In the combined feed for poultry of the research group, the sunflower cake was partially replaced with the feed concentrate “Zhyvyna.

The results. “Zhyvyna” is an amino acid vitamin-mineral feed concentrate, which is produced from high-protein raw materials of vegetable origin with the addition of biologically active substances: essential amino acids, vitamins, macro- and microelements, enzyme substances..

During the period of growing broiler chickens, the difference in feeding the birds of the control and experimental groups also consisted in the replacement of 12% of sunflower cake with feed concentrate “Zhyvyna”.

Due to the replacement of sunflower cake with “ZHYVYNA” fodder concentrate, the content of exchangeable energy was at the same level in both groups – 1.35 MJ. The content of dry matter in compound feed for broiler chickens of the second group decreased significantly. When the ash content in the compound feed for the first group was at the level of 5.09 g, in the second group this indicator was 5.22 g. Regarding the amount of crude fat and crude fiber, it should be noted that there is a significant difference between these indicators in the compound feed for control and experimental poultry groups were also not observed. So, in the control feed, the crude fat content was 4.58, and in the experimental feed – 5.22 g, crude fiber – 2.82 and 2.84 g, respectively.

The introduction of the feed concentrate “ZHYVYNA” into the composition of the main compound feed led to a change in the productivity of broiler chickens under the influence of various components of the compound feed (Table 1).

Table 1. Dynamics of live weight of experimental broiler chickens, g (n = 20)

1 – control

Groups of birds

2 – experimental

Note: * – Р < 0,05; ** – Р < 0,01; *** – Р < 0,001 compared to the control..

It should be noted that, while the live weight of the experimental young animals did not differ practically at the age of 7, 14, 21, and 42 days, the live weight of broiler chickens of both groups changed differently and depended on the content of crude protein and individual amino acids in the diet, which was caused by the introduction of feed concentrate. Thus, the live weight of broiler chickens of the first (control) and second (experimental) groups did not differ at day age and amounted to 40.0-40.4 g. However, with age, the difference in this indicator turned out to be probable and highly probable. At the age of 7 days, the chickens of the control group weighed 164.44 g on average, while the chickens of the experimental group weighed 15.74 g or 9.5% (P < 0.01) more. At the age of 14 days, this difference was already 34.46 g (10.2%,

Р < 0.01), 21 – 58.19 g (10.1%, Р < 0.05), and 42 days – 190.6 g or 9.1% at Р < 0.01 on

benefit of broiler chickens of the research group.

As can be seen, the specified difference in all age periods, except for the age of the first day of chicks, was statistically probable.

In the course of the research, it was established that the introduction of the feed concentrate “Zhyvyna” into the compound feed did not affect the preservation of broiler chickens of the Ross-308 cross.

The death of one chicken in the first and second groups was not related to the feed factor. The reasons for the elimination of the young here were related to mechanical damage to the legs.

After analyzing the period of fattening of the experimental young animals, the consumption of feed for obtaining the gross increase in live weight during the period of the experiment was studied (Table 2)..

Table 2. Feed consumption by experimental young animals during the growing period

At the same time, young animals of the control group spent 1088.2 MJ of exchangeable energy and 18.86 kg of feed protein. However, the expenditure of exchangeable energy in the second (experimental) group was at the level of 1148.96 MJ, which is more than the control by 60.76 MJ. Gross protein consumption in the control group was similarly lower than in the control group – the savings amounted to 4.4%.

27.85 MJ of exchangeable energy was spent per 1 kg of live weight gain in the first control group, while in the second experimental group it was 3.4% less. At the same time, the consumption of protein per 1 kg of growth was at the level of 462-483 g, with a lower value in the experimental group – 462, which is 21 g less compared to the animals of the first group.

Thus, the broiler chickens of the research group, which consumed the feed concentrate “Zhyvyna”, spent more economically the nutrients of the feed.

The results of our research show that the replacement of part of the sunflower cake with a nutritionally adequate amount of feed concentrate “Zhyvyna” in the diets of broiler chickens of the Ross-308 cross during rearing had different effects on their slaughter qualities. Such a replacement in broiler chicken compound feed was accompanied by an increase in their pre-slaughter live weight, weight of non-carcass, half-carcasses and carcases. Thus, the pre-slaughter live weight of chickens of the first group was 2105.4 g, and of the second – 2293.0 g, that is, 187.6 g more with a probable difference.

Conclusions and perspectives. As a result of research, certain changes in the productivity of broiler chickens under the influence of various components of compound feed have been established. In particular, the feed consumption of young birds, which received the main compound feed throughout the experiment, amounted to 2.06 kg per 1 kg of live weight gain, while broiler chickens, which were fed with the feed concentrate “ZHYVYNA”, used feed more economically by 3.4%. For feeding broiler chickens during the entire period of their growth, we recommend using feed concentrate “ZHYVYNA” as a part of compound feed, replacing it with 12% of sunflower cake.

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